Poland's President Andrzej Duda has rejected legislation implementing the EU's Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) framework, arguing it poses risks to citizens' freedoms. The veto creates uncertainty about Poland's compliance with the European Union's landmark cryptocurrency regulations, which are already in effect across the bloc.
In a surprising move that has sent ripples through European crypto markets, Polish President Andrzej Duda has vetoed legislation designed to implement the European Union's Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) regulation in Poland. The president's decision, announced on December 2, 2025, centers on concerns that the bill threatens fundamental freedoms of Polish citizens.
The veto represents a significant pushback against the EU's comprehensive crypto regulatory framework, which officially came into force across member states earlier this year. MiCA aims to create unified standards for crypto-asset service providers, stablecoin issuers, and market participants throughout the European Union.
President Duda's objections reportedly focus on provisions within the Polish implementation bill that he believes grant excessive powers to regulatory authorities, potentially infringing on financial privacy and economic freedom. While specific details of his concerns have not been fully disclosed, the decision suggests tension between national sovereignty interests and EU-wide regulatory harmonization.
The veto places Poland in a precarious position regarding EU compliance. As a member state, Poland is obligated to implement MiCA regulations, and failure to do so could result in legal challenges from the European Commission and potential penalties. The Polish parliament now faces the decision of whether to override the presidential veto or negotiate amendments that address Duda's concerns while still meeting EU requirements.
This development highlights broader debates about cryptocurrency regulation balancing consumer protection with individual liberty. While MiCA supporters argue the framework provides necessary safeguards against fraud and market manipulation, critics contend that overly restrictive regulations could stifle innovation and compromise privacy rights.
The crypto industry in Poland, which has seen significant growth in recent years, now faces regulatory uncertainty. Companies operating in the Polish market may find themselves in limbo, unsure whether to comply with MiCA standards or wait for clarification on national implementation.
Observers will be watching closely to see how this situation unfolds, as it could set precedent for other EU member states considering similar concerns about regulatory overreach in the digital asset space.